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(C) Vancouver
General Hospital.
This monograph may not be reproduced without permission.
For further information, please contact a Pharmacist. |
NAME OF DRUG
chloramphenicol sodium succinate
CLASSIFICATION
Antibiotic
ALTERNATE NAME
CHLOROMYCETIN, PENTAMYCETIN
INDICATIONS
- for the treatment of serious infections where chloramphenicol would be considered the
antibiotic of choice when potentially less toxic antibiotics are ineffective or
contraindicted
RECONSTITUTION AND STABILITY
- reconstitution of 1,000 mg vial with sterile water for injection:
- Chloromycetin - 3.4 mL to 1,000 mg vial = 250 mg/mL
- Pentamycetin - 3.1 mL to 1,000 mg vial = 250 mg/mL
- reconstituted solutions should not be stored longer than 24 hours in refrigerator
- DO NOT use if solution is cloudy
COMPATIBILITY
- compatible with most commonly used IV solutions
- compatible in IV tubing with amikacin, aminophylline, ascorbic acid, calcium
chloride, calcium gluconate, cloxacillin, dimenhydrinate, dopamine, heparin,
hydrocortisone, magnesium sulfate, methyldopa, penicillin, potassium chloride, sodium
bicarbonate, and Vitamin B complex with C
ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION
- IV direct - as a 10% (1,000 mg/10 mL) solution (maximum) administered over at least 1
minute
- IV intermittent - dilute 1,000 mg in 50 mL and administer over 15-30 minutes
NOT RECOMMENDED BY IM ROUTE
VH & HSC ADMINISTRATION POLICY
E - Direct IV route can be administered by nurses on general nursing units provided a
venous access has been established, and according to policies and recommendations
established in this manual.
DOSAGE
Adults and Children:
- usual IV dose; 50 mg/kg/day in equally divided doses every 6 hours
- in severe infections up to 100 mg/kg/day may be required
POTENTIAL HAZARDS OF PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION
IMPORTANT IMPLICATIONS
- adverse effects include:
- blood dyscrasias: bone marrow depression, aplastic anemia; frequent monitoring of
blood counts is recommended
- "Gray syndrome" in premature and newborn infants
- nausea, vomiting, glossitis, stomatitis, diarrhea, enterocolitis, blurred vision
- contraindicated in known hypersensitivity, pregnancy, lactation
- use with caution in patients with renal and hepatic disease; dosage adjustments may
be required
- should not be used on a prophylactic basis
- may cause hemolysis in G-6-PD deficient patients
- avoid use in patients on concurrent warfarin therapy
Rev. October 1985